Malachite
Malachite is a distinctive and attractive mineral that belongs to the carbonate group. Its chemical formula is Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂, which means that it is composed of copper, carbonates and hydroxides. Due to its copper content, malachite has its typical deep green colour, which ranges from light green to dark, sometimes almost black, shades. Its characteristic striped patterns and concentric rings make it a very popular decorative and jewellery stone.
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Malachite is formed in the oxidized zones of copper deposits as a secondary mineral. It is formed by chemical reactions of copper with oxides, carbonates and water. It is most commonly found together with other copper minerals, such as azurite or chrysocolla.
Important localities for malachite include the Democratic Republic of Congo (Shaba), Russia (Ural Mountains), Namibia, Mexico and the USA (Arizona). Some of the finest and most beautiful malachite specimens come from these areas.
Uses
- Jewellery: Malachite is highly valued in the jewellery industry due to its distinctive colour and unique pattern. It is processed into necklaces, bracelets, pendants and other decorative items.
- Decorative purposes: In the past, malachite was often used to make decorative objects and furniture. For example, in Russian Tsarist palaces, malachite slabs were used to make columns and furniture.
- Collecting: Due to its beauty and various shapes, malachite is a highly sought after collectible mineral.
